MIC 205A Dr. Jan Decker
Exam 1 KEY
September 14, 2007
Part 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE: Read each question and the answers carefully. Pick the one BEST answer and darken the corresponding letter on the scantron. Each answer is worth 3 points, for a Part one total of 90 points.
- The genetic information in viral cells may be
- a.double-stranded RNA.
- b.present in multiple chromosomes.
- c.single-stranded DNA.
- d.All of the above are possible
- The photomicrograph above was made using ________________ microscopy.
- a.brightfield
- b.phase contrast [right-hand photo is phase contrast of bacteria]
- c.scanning electron
- d.transmission electron
- (GREEN) An example of a virus that causes an oncogenic infection is
- a.Herpes Simplex I.
- b.HIV.
- c.Human Papilloma Virus.
- d.Rotavirus.
- (WHITE) An example of a virus that causes an recurrent infection is
- a.Herpes Simplex I.
- b.HIV.
- c.Human Papilloma Virus.
- d.Rotavirus.
- (YELLOW) An example of a virus that causes an acute infection is
- a.Herpes Simplex I.
- b.HIV.
- c.Human Papilloma Virus.
- d.Rotavirus
- Which of the following techniques would give you the most detailed view of a virus capsid?
- a.brightfield microscopy.
- b.darkfield microscopy.
- c.phase-contrast microscopy.
- d.scanning electron microscopy.
- Malaria is transmitted by
- a.contaminated food and water.
- b.direct contact.
- c.endospores.
- d.mosquito bites.
- The _____________ stain will give you information about the amount of glycocalyx a cell makes.
- The life cycle stage of the virus shown above is
- a.attachment.
- b.entry.
- c.biosynthesis.
- d.release.
- The morphology of the virus shown above is
- a.enveloped helical.
- b.enveloped icosahedral.
- c.non-enveloped helical.
- d.non-enveloped icosahedral.
- Bacteria that are pleomorphic
- a.are archaea.
- b.are cocci.
- c.cannot form biofilms.
- d.do not have cell walls.
- (GREEN) Bacterial cells use their flagella for
- a.attachment.
- b.causing disease.
- c.forming biofilms.
- d.movement.
- (WHITE) Bacterial cells use their fimbriae for
- a. attachment.
- b. engulfing food.
- c. forming biofilms.
- d. movement.
- (YELLOW) Bacterial cells use their glycocalyx for
- a. digesting food.
- b. engulfing food.
- c. forming biofilms.
- d. movement.
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects CD4 T cells and incorporates its genetic information into the host cell chromosome. This is an example of a(n) ____________ infection.
- a. acute
- b. persistent
- c. recurrent
- d. serious
- Lichens are
- a. a symbiotic association of algae and fungi.
- b. a symbiotic association of fungi and bacteria.
- c. prokaryotes.
- d. unicellular
- (GREEN) The bacteria in the photomicrograph above are
- a. archaea
- b. bacilli.
- c. cocci.
- d. spirochetes.
- (WHITE) The bacteria in the photomicrograph above are
- a. archaea
- b. bacilli.
- c. cocci.
- d. spirochetes
- (YELLOW) The bacteria in the photomicrograph above are
- a.archaea
- b.bacilli.
- c.cocci.
- d.spirochetes
- Plasmodium falciparum is a
- a.bacterium.
- b.fungus.
- c.helminth parasite.
- d.protozoan parasite.
- Reverse transcriptase is a(n)
- a.DNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
- b.DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
- c.RNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
- d.RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase.
- The long filamentous structures in the photomicrograph of the fungus (above) are
- a.endospores.
- b.hyphae.
- c.fungal viruses.
- d.None of the above.
- Bacteria are classified by all of the following EXCEPT their
- a. antigens.
- b. biochemical reactions.
- c. DNA or RNA genome.
- a. Gram stain reaction.
- An organism that is NOT normal flora is
- a.Escherichia coli.
- b.Lactobacillus acidophilus.
- c.Plasmodium falciparium.
- d.Staphylococcus aureus.
- Bacteria produce ATP in/on their
- a. cell walls.
- b. mitochondria.
- c. plasma membranes.
- d. storage granules.
- _______________ is a step in animal virus but not bacteriophage replication.
- a. assembly.
- b. attachment.
- c. biosynthesis.
- d. uncoating.
- Gram negative but NOT Gram positive bacteria have
- a. an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
- b. a thick peptidoglycan cell wall.
- c. capsules.
- d. endospores.
- The structure shown above allows the cell on the left to ______________ the cell on the right.
- a. form a biofilm with
- b. infect
- c. kill
- d. transfer DNA to
- Helminths are studied with microbes because they
- a. are intracellular parasites.
- b. are single-cell organisms.
- c. cause infectious disease.
- d. have cell walls.
- The capsules surrounding the bacteria in the photomicrograph above
- a. allow them to move towards food and away from toxins.
- b. are primarily composed of lipids.
- c. indicate they are gram negative bacteria.
- d. protect them from bacteriophage.
- ______________ is/are found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic but not eukaryotic cells.
- a. Chromosomes
- b. Lysosomes
- c. Pili
- d. Ribosomes
- NAG and NAM, constituents of peptidoglycan, are
- a. lipids.
- b. nucleic acids.
- c. peptides.
- d. saccharides.
- Staphylococcus aureus does NOT cause
- a. cancer.
- b. skin infections.
- c. toxic shock syndrome.
- d. vomiting and diarrhea.
- From its name you can tell that Lactobacillus acidophilus
- a. cannot grow at low pH.
- b. is a rod-shaped bacterium.
- c. uses glucose for nutrition.
- d. All of the above are true.
- (GREEN,YELLOW) Most fungi are
- a. microscopic.
- b. pathogenic.
- c. photosynthetic.
- d. saprophytic.
- The organisms in this micrograph is a protozoan parasite; therefore, it is
- a. a eukaryote.
- b. a prokaryote.
- c. multicellular.
- d. Both a and c are true.
- The organism in this micrograph is 40 nanometers in diameter; therefore, it is a
- a. bacterium.
- b. fungus.
- c. protozoan parasite.
- d. virus.
- (WHITE) The organism in this micrograph, with a penny shown for comparison, is probably a
- a.bacterium.
- b.helminth parasite.
- c.virus.
- d.Can't tell from this information.
- (WHITE) These organisms are transmitted by
- a.breathing in their spores.
- b.direct contact with the infected person.
- c.mosquito bites.
- d.swallowing their eggs.
Part 2 ESSAY: Answer 2 of the questions below in the space provided. Each correct answer is worth five points, for a Part 2 total of 10 points.
- List 5 facts about Valley Fever.
(one point per fact up to 5 maximum).
- usually a flu-like illness of respiratory system
- can spread to bones, skin, meninges
- caused by Coccioides immitis
- caused by fungus
- transmitted by inhaling spores
- endemic in Arizona and California
- fungus lives in soil
- highest risk outdoor occupations, impaired immune system
- 100,000 new cases annually in SW
- dogs are also susceptible
- Explain how the Gram stain differentiates Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.
- Thick peptidoglucan of Gram positive cells is harder to destain, stays purple. (2 points)
- Thin peptidoglycan of Gram negative cells easier to destain, loses purple color. (2 points)
- Gram negatives counterstained pink to be visible. (1 point)
- List 5 facts about prions. (one point per fact up to 5 maximum)
- prions are infectious proteins.
- miss-folded versions of normal brain proteins.
- transmitted via eating nervous system tissue
- causes spongy appearance in brain
- spongiform encephalopathy
- mis-folded proteins cause normal proteins to also mis-fold
- discovered in canibal tribe in Papua/New Guinea
- normally occurs in old men in southern Mediterranean region
- Mad Cow Disease outbreak came from feeding cows with tissue from infected sheep
- humans got Mad Cow Disease from eating hamburger
